World Bulletin of Public Health

RISK DETERMINANTS AND PREVENTIVE APPROACHES FOR POST-CHOLECYSTECTOMY BILIARY COMPLICATIONS IN THE EARLY POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD

A.U. Abdusamatov — 2025-05-05

Cholecystectomy is one of the most common surgical operations in global practice, with more than 1.5 million procedures performed annually. Despite the introduction of minimally invasive technologies and standardization of surgical techniques, the frequency of early biliary complications remains at 0.2-2.7%, representing a serious clinical problem. These complications not only worsen immediate treatment results but can also lead to the formation of persistent bile duct dysfunctions, significantly reducing patients' quality of life.The spectrum of early biliary complications includes bile leakage, injuries to the main bile ducts of varying severity, cystic duct stump insufficiency, biliary peritonitis, and biloma formation. The pathogenesis of these complications is multifactorial, including both anatomical predispositions and technical aspects of the operation.

THE ROLE OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PNEUMONIA IN PATIENTS WITH IMMUNODEFICIENCY

Nizamova Madina Mirgabtizyanovna — 2025-05-25

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia is a common opportunistic infection affecting immunosuppressed patients. High-resolution CT may be indicated for evaluation of immunosuppressed patients with suspected pneumonia and normal chest radiographic findings. The most common high-resolution CT finding of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia is diffuse ground-glass opacity. Computed tomographic features of pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis jiroveci depend on the stage of the process. High-resolution computed tomography should be used.

Norbo'toyev Olimjon Mustafaqul o'g'li — 2025-05-25

This analytical paper explores how laboratory biomarkers can be used to predict how patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) will respond to anti-TNF (anti–tumor necrosis factor) therapy. Rheumatoid arthritis is a long-term autoimmune disorder marked by chronic inflammation, often associated with elevated TNF-alpha levels. Biologic anti-inflammatory medications—such as infliximab, adalimumab, and etanercept—help reduce inflammation and slow disease progression. However, individual responses to these treatments vary significantly. Therefore, biomarkers like C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), rheumatoid factor (RF), and anti-CCP antibodies play a key role in predicting treatment outcomes. Future studies should aim to further explore, validate, and integrate the most promising biomarkers discussed, as well as identify new potential indicators. Researchers are encouraged to focus on clinical scenarios where predictive models, even with limited accuracy, could meaningfully guide treatment decisions. A comprehensive review of current studies suggests that biomarker-based prediction can support more personalized treatment approaches, help avoid unnecessary drug exposure, and reduce overall healthcare costs.

CLINICAL FEATURES OF THE COURSE OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN INDIVIDUALS OF WORKING AGE AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF INTACT CORONARY ARTERIES (Clinical case)

Khasanjanova Farida Odylovna — 2025-05-15

This scientific paper presents a clinical case of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a patient of working age. This study was conducted at the Samarkand Regional Branch of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Cardiology (SRN RSNPMC). The object of the study was a 44-year-old patient with AMI. During percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary angiography did not reveal changes in the coronary arteries. Echocardiography revealed changes in local contractility, without impairment of global contractility. Taking into account the nature of changes in the level of cardiospecific enzymes, ECG dynamics, the final diagnosis was: Ischemic heart disease. Non-transmural myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation with transient (thrombotic) occlusion of the left coronary artery, anterior septal wall with the apex capture.

MAGNETIC STORM AND ITS EFFECTS

Azizbek Komiljonov — 2025-05-05

Magnetic storms are phenomena that occur as a result of the impact of high-energy particles and magnetic waves emitted from the Sun on the Earth's magnetic field. This article provides a detailed analysis of the origin of magnetic storms, their effects on the Earth's magnetic field, and their positive and negative impacts on human health and technological systems. Additionally, it outlines the necessary measures for the management and prevention of magnetic storms.

ON THE ISSUE OF IMPROVING TEMPORARY PROSTHETICS IN PATIENTS USING DENTAL IMPLANTS

Akhmedova A.A. — 2025-05-05

The development of dental implantation has led to the need for improvement of temporary prosthetics, providing not only protection of the implant but also optimal conditions for its adaptation. Modern methods of producing temporary structures minimize the risks of inflammatory processes, improve aesthetic characteristics, and increase the level of comfort for the patient.

FEATURES OF CORTICAL FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON'S DISEASE AFTER DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION IN THE LONG-TERM POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD

Uzakova Gulnoza Farruxovna — 2025-05-05

The aim of this study is to analyze the features of cortical functional activity in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who have undergone deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the long-term postoperative period. A comparative evaluation of electroencephalographic (EEG) data was carried out in two groups of patients — those who had undergone neuromodulation and those receiving only pharmacological treatment without surgical intervention. The study revealed significant differences in bioelectrical brain activity, indicating the long-term effects of DBS on the functional state of the cerebral cortex and a possible tendency toward both compensatory and maladaptive neural reorganizations over time

SURVEY AND STUDY OF GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES

G.K. Rahmatullayeva — 2025-05-05

According to the World Health Organization, gastrointestinal diseases cause more than 3 million deaths worldwide annually, accounting for 4-5% of all global deaths. Men die 38% more often from gastrointestinal diseases than women. Gastritis affects about half of the world's population. In 2013, approximately 90 million new cases were recorded. The likelihood of contracting the disease increases with age. In Uzbekistan, gastrointestinal diseases such as infections, gastritis, gastric ulcers, and pancreatitis are among the most common health issues.

PHILOSOPHICAL AND LEGAL FEATURES OF IMPROVING THE SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM IN UZBEKISTAN CIVIL SOCIETY

Sattorov Yorqin Karimovich — 2025-05-08

This article explores the philosophical and legal foundations of reforming and enhancing the social security system in Uzbekistan within the context of developing civil society. The study examines the evolution of social protection mechanisms, the principles of social justice, and the relationship between the state and citizens in ensuring social guarantees. Particular attention is paid to the legal reforms aimed at aligning national legislation with international human rights standards and the growing role of public institutions in shaping an inclusive and equitable social policy. The paper also highlights philosophical concepts of welfare, dignity, and human value that underpin a democratic and people-centered approach to social security. Recommendations are provided for creating a more transparent, fair, and sustainable system that supports vulnerable populations and strengthens civil society institutions in Uzbekistan

CLINICAL DENTAL STATUS OF STROKE PATIENTS AND JUNCTION WITH POSTSTROKE COMPLICATIONS

Shomurodov K.E. — 2025-05-16

The consequences of a stroke directly or indirectly affect various organs and systems, including the oral cavity. The most common direct consequence is sialorrhea and pain syndrome, and due to motor disorders, patients have significant difficulties in maintaining oral hygiene, which in turn leads to various dental problems. In this study, an analysis of the state of the oral cavity in stroke patients was carried out, considering the type of acute cerebrovascular accident, post-stroke complications and risk factors. Most patients were found to have an unsatisfactory state of oral hygiene, signs of gingivitis and periodontitis, which indicates the need to develop protocols for the prevention, treatment and prosthetics of stroke patients.

APPLICATION OF 3D PRINTING IN DENTISTRY: CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS

Matmuradov M.K. — 2025-05-14

In recent years, additive manufacturing technologies, particularly 3D printing, have been actively implemented in various areas of medicine, including dentistry. This article is devoted to the analysis of modern applications of 3D printing in dental practice: from the production of diagnostic models and surgical guides to the creation of individual prostheses and orthodontic appliances. The main 3D printing technologies, materials used, advantages and limitations of the method, as well as prospects for its further development are considered

STUDY OF PERIODONTAL MICROCIRCULATION IN PATIENTS WITH JAW ALVEOLAR PROCESS FRACTURES USING VARIOUS IMMOBILIZATION METHODS

Yusufov N.I — 2025-05-14

The article presents the results of periodontal microcirculation assessment during the immobilization period in patients with alveolar process fractures of the jaws. During immobilization, along with the main treatment, attention should be paid to implementing a set of measures that improve microcirculation indicators and prevent the progression of inflammatory-destructive changes in the periodontal tissues of patients with jaw alveolar process fractures

TYPES OF HEREDITARY DISEASES FOUND IN THE POPULATION OF UZBEKISTAN AND THE REASONS FOR THE OCCASION

Sharipova Farida Salimjanovna — 2024-05-15

The following are covered by the types of basic hidden diseases, which are found in the population of Uzbekistan and the reasons for their appearance. During the study, commonen genetic diseases - for example, there were cases such as Tarantikia, hemofilia, and back-cerebral muscles, analyzed. The factors that lead to their widespread, including marriages, ecological state, were considered as a lack of medical genetic advice. It is clear that preventive measures and the genetic research in the formation of a healthy generation. This topic is important in the early detection of genetic diseases in the field of health and making work on the prevention of their prevention.

ANOVULATORY INFERTILITY ASSOCIATED WITH THE INSOLVENCY OF THE ENDOMETRIUM

Kurbaniyazova Madina Zafarjanovna — 2025-05-15

Female infertility is a very important problem of modern gynecology and reproductive science (the prevalence of female infertility in different countries of the world is 1.5-12%) and is an important interdisciplinary problem. The overall frequency of female infertility as a result of gynecological and extragenital diseases does not decrease below 21%. Objective of the study: to estimate the percentage of infertile women and to conduct a study of the causes of female infertility. Analysis of the obtained data showed that the most common causes of female infertility are: polycystic ovary disease - 25%, anovulatory cycle - 21%; hormonal disorders - 18%; obstruction of the fallopian tubes - 12%; anomalies in the development of the genitourinary system (vaginal atresia, complete or incomplete septum in the uterine cavity, uterine atresia) - 9%; change in the viscosity of cervical mucus - 7%; premature menopause — 2–3%. Conclusions: early diagnosis and timely treatment of gynecological and extragenital diseases can play a significant role in maintaining a woman’s health, but the initial manifestations of these diseases are mostly latent and can only be detected by targeted screening

CAUSES AND PREVENTION OF INFERTILITY IN WOMEN AND MODERN METHODS OF PREGNANCY MANAGEMENT

Saparbaeva N.R — 2025-05-14

This article examines the main causes of female infertility, including hormonal, anatomical, genetic, and immunological factors. It discusses diagnostic methods for reproductive disorders and modern treatment approaches such as medication and assisted reproductive technologies. Special attention is given to infertility prevention, including timely treatment of gynecological diseases and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. The second part of the article focuses on current methods of pregnancy management aimed at ensuring the health of both mother and fetus

A NEW FACE OF CARIES: INNOVATIONS AND APPROACHES IN DIAGNOSTICS

Sunnatov Davron Xusniddin o’g’li — 2025-05-20

This article discusses the urgent aspects of early detection of caries disease and diagnostics through modern technologies, analyzing advanced diagnostic methods used to identify various forms of caries disease and assessing their effectiveness. The study involved an analysis of scientific literature, clinical observations, and the examination of modern technological tools, including DIAGNOdent, radiovisiography, and optical imaging systems[12]. According to the research findings, advanced diagnostic methods play a crucial role in the early detection of caries, accurate diagnosis, and the establishment of treatment strategies. In conclusion, the new "face" of caries—its development in a latent form without clinical signs—necessitates a fundamental shift in dental diagnostic approaches

INCIDENCE OF ABNORMAL CORONARY ARTERY ORIGINS IN WORKING-AGE PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE

Khasanjanova Farida Odilovna — 2025-05-17

This scientific work studied the incidence of abnormal origins of the coronary arteries in patients with coronary artery disease of working age. The study was conducted from January 2024 to December 2024 and 5170 coronary angiographic studies were performed, among which 35 patients were found to have abnormal origins of the coronary arteries. The average age of patients was 40 years (from 19 to 75 years), 23 patients were men and 12 patients were women. According to coronary angiography studies, various types of abnormal origins of the coronary arteries were detected in 35 patients: abnormal origin of the circumflex artery (CA) from the right coronary artery (RCA) was detected in 12 patients, abnormal origin of the RCA from the aorta above the sinus of Valsalva (SV) was determined in 9 patients, abnormal origin of the RCA from the left SV was detected in 6 patients, abnormal origin of the OB from the right SV was determined in 4 cases, abnormal origin of the anterior descending artery (LDA) from the RCA was noted in 3 patients, and a single coronary artery (SCA) was diagnosed in only one patient.

EARLY IMPAIRMENTS OF RENAL FUNCTION AND CLINICAL INDICATORS: A CASE OF CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

Jumaniyazov B.K — 2025-05-15

This article is dedicated to the identification of early impairments in renal function and their clinical significance in chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). Chronic glomerulonephritis is a serious disease affecting the kidneys and other organs, and its early detection can help preserve renal function. The study explores effective methods for early diagnosis of CGN using clinical and laboratory indicators such as arterial hypertension, peripheral edema, proteinuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and podocyte markers. The results offer innovative approaches based on biomarkers that can be applied in clinical practice for early diagnostics.

THE IMPACT OF ECOLOGICAL REHABILITATION PROGRAMS ON KIDNEY FUNCTION AND OVERALL HEALTH IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

Sapayeva Z.A — 2025-05-23

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ecological rehabilitation programs in improving the health of individuals suffering from chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). The study included 100 participants, with 50 of them undergoing an ecological rehabilitation program. The program provided interventions aimed at enhancing air and water quality, improving living conditions, and reducing stress. Results indicated that the ecological rehabilitation led to noticeable improvements in kidney function and the overall health of the participants.

PATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT SCHEME OF RENAL DYSFUNCTION IN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS AND SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS

Madaminov Khudayberdi Atabekovich — 2025-05-23

Systemic connective tissue diseases such as systemic sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus often result in significant renal complications. These kidney pathologies, including scleroderma nephropathy and lupus nephritis, are associated with immune dysregulation, the presence of autoantibodies, and cytokine-induced fibrosis or immune complex deposition. Early detection of renal dysfunction in these conditions is crucial due to their contribution to increased morbidity and mortality. This article explores the pathogenesis and clinical features of kidney involvement in both diseases and outlines contemporary treatment strategies, including the use of corticosteroids, cytotoxic drugs, and antihypertensive agents. Timely diagnosis and personalized therapy can significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce long-term complications.